Individuum und orixá im Candomblé von Bahia
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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Ethnologie / Volkskunde, Note: 1.3, Universit t Koblenz-Landau (Kulturwissenschaft), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Candombl ist eine afroamerikanische Religion, die ihren Ursprung in Brasilien hat. Doch vor allem ist Candombl die Bezeichnung f r die vielen verschiedenen Kultst tten, die sich seit Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts von ihrem Zentrum Salvador da Bahia aus verbreiteten. Denn jeder Candombl ist anders. Das mag damit zusammenh ngen, dass im Candombl schriftliche berlieferungen, wie man sie aus den Weltreligionen kennt, g nzlich fehlen und die verschiedenen Riten und Traditionen in jeder religi sen Gemeinschaft, anders gedeutet werden. Mit den Sklaven, fanden auch die afrikanischen Gottheiten ihren Weg nach Brasilien. ber Jahrhunderte hinweg mussten die Sklaven ihre G tter, die orix , im Verborgenen halten. Sie nutzten die katholischen Heiligen als "Maske" f r ihre eigenen Gottheiten, so entstand mit der Zeit eine religi se Vermischung, die Wissenschaftler als Synkretismus bezeichnen. Dennoch gelten die afrikanischen Anteile im Candombl als die st rksten unter den afroamerikanischen Religionen. Im Candombl spielt das Ph nomen der Besessenheit eine gro e Rolle. Es hilft den Initiierten mit ihren G ttern in Kontakt zu treten. F r die Gl ubigen ist die Trance der Zustand, in dem die gr tm gliche Verbindung mit den orix realisiert werden kann. Doch was genau sind die orix ? Und vor allem was f r eine Bedeutung nehmen sie im Leben der Menschen ein? Im Folgenden wird diesen Fragen, anhand der Forschungsergebnisse verschiedener Ethnologen, die sich alle ausf hrlich mit dieser Religion besch ftigt haben, auf den Grund gegangen . Vor allem die individuelle Beziehung zwischen den orix und einem Individuum wird genauer betrachten, denn genau diese zeichnet den Candombl besonders aus. "Das ganze Glaubenssystem windet sich um die genaue Erkenntnis der inneren Natur eines Individuums und seines Verh ltnisses zur u er
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