Les noms de famille de la population martiniquaise d'ascendance servile: Origine et signification des patronymes portés par les affranchis avant 1848
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Cet ouvrage constitue pour ainsi dire la suite des Noms de famille d'origine africaine de la population martiniquaise d'ascendance servile, publi� chez le m�me �diteur.
Il est ici question des noms non africains des affranchis et surtout de ceux que l'on a appel�s les nouveaux libres , patronymes attribu�s en Martinique � la faveur de l'abolition de l'esclavage de 1848.
Noms fran�ais (ce qui ne signifie pas forc�ment noms de Fran�ais), cara�bes, britanniques, ib�riques, flamands, germaniques, italiens, slaves, surnoms, pr�noms, anagrammes de pr�noms ou de noms de ma�tres, noms tir�s du cr�ole, de la mythologie, de l'histoire ancienne ou moderne, de la g�ographie (physique, politique), des arts (litt�rature, peinture, musique), de l'environnement naturel (plantes, animaux), humain (objets, outils, m�tiers), surnoms p�joratifs, formations linguistiques particuli�res... constituent le plat de r�sistance de ce travail de recherche. Sont propos�s ainsi, pour pratiquement plus de 15 700 noms, soit une explication �tymologique ou linguistique, soit une d�finition, un commentaire, une observation...
Ce livre apporte �galement un �clairage sur la d�mographie des nouveaux libres (pyramides des �ges, structure familiale, m�tiers...), ainsi que sur celle des affranchis de la p�riode 1833-1848. Il offre un panorama des textes juridiques relatifs � l'affranchissement et � la dation de noms, de 1670 � 1858.
Il aborde ensuite le contexte politique et �v�nementiel autour de ce moment particulier de l'histoire martiniquaise qu'est l'acc�s � la citoyennet� de 73 000 personnes jusque-l� consid�r�es comme des biens meubles et non des �tres humains, citoyennet� mat�rialis�e par l'attribution d'un patronyme.
L'ampleur du corpus pris en compte dans ce travail (53 700 actes d'individualit�, auxquels s'ajoutent 26 000 actes d'affranchissement, ont �t� consult�s, autour de 25 000 noms r�pertori�s) imposait la compilation des donn�es sous forme num�rique. Le lecteur aura donc acc�s aux tableaux des noms class�s par typologies, en scannant les QR codes � la fin de l'ouvrage.
Durand, Guillaume: - Installé en Martinique depuis 12 ans, Guillaume Durand a présenté en 2009 à l'Université des Antilles et de la Guyane une thèse de doctorat d'histoire dont est issu le présent ouvrage. Il a déjà publié à l'Harmattan, en collaboration avec Kinvi Logossah Les noms de famille d'origine africaine de la population martiniquaise d'ascendance servile.
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