Acá va la vaca: Palíndromos
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La palabra palíndromo es de origen griego y viene de la construcción "palin dromein", es decir, volver atrás, recorrer a la inversa, porque se trata precisamente de eso, de palabras o frases simétricas que se pueden transitar en ambos sentidos. Los palíndromos numéricos también existen y se llaman capicúas: 1331, 8008, 353. Los palíndromos han cautivado a muchos escritores. Ahí está el verso en latín "In girum imus nocte et consumimur igni" (Damos vueltas en la noche y somos consumidos por el fuego), que algunos atribuyen a Virgilio y otros a Dante Alighieri. Los irlandeses Jonathan Swift y James Joyce, el estadounidense Edgar Allan Poe, el inglés Lewis Carroll, los rusos Velimir Khlebnikov y Vladimir Nabokov, el italiano Italo Calvino, los argentinos Julio Cortázar, Jorge Luis Borges y Juan Filloy, el cubano Guillermo Cabrera Infante, el alemán Pedro Poitevin, el español Victor Carbajo, el francés Georges Perec y los venezolanos Darío Lancini y Eduardo Sanoja lo cultivan.
Los palíndromos, nos explica Eduardo Sanoja, "son un viaje de ida y uno de regreso" y "para adquirir el pasaje a ese viaje hay que transitar un largo pasadizo de letras revueltas". Los primeros palíndromos se atribuyen al poeta griego Sótades de Maronea (Sótades de Creta), llamado el obsceno, que vivió en el siglo tercero antes de nuestra era. Sótades acostumbraba utilizar palíndromos en sus versos, en los que se burlaba de la nobleza, lo que lo llevó a ser condenado a muerte por Ptolomeo II, rey de Egipto, cuando se mofó del soberano por contraer matrimonio con su propia hija.
Insiste Eduardo Sanoja en que "el palíndromo es un viaje de ida y vuelta por el pensamiento y la palabra que nos llevan a Ningunaparte. Son lo más parecido a la vida. Los palíndromos equivalen, en el idioma, a lo que son los quásares o "agujeros negros" en el espacio sideral. Podemos imaginarlos como el "punto cero" de la expresión humana. Se forman, crecen y al regresar desaparecen pero siguen estando, borboteando en las mentes de sus hacedores".
Hay muchas palabras que son palíndromos: nombres femeninos, Ada, Ana, Anna, Adda, Ava (como la Gardner), Hannah, Lil (como la compañera salsómana Rodríguez); nombres masculinos, Odo (así llamamos al amigo Odoardo Morales), Oto, Otto; el cuarteto musical sueco de pop, Abba; verbos tales como airaría (de airar), arañará, rayar, rallar, rever, reconocer, sometemos; sustancias químicas como la anilina, objetos deportivos como el kayak; señora que hace arepas, arepera; ciudades como la argentina Neuquén y la boliviana Oruro, otros objetos como rotor, radar (que a su vez es un acrónimo del inglés radio detection and ranging); partes del cuerpo de seres vivos: ojo, ala; la palabra finesa saippuakivikauppias (vendedor de lejía) es una de las palabras palindrómicas más largas del mundo y "lentokonesuihku-turbiinimoottoriapumekaanikkoal-iupseerioppilas", que es una graduación en las fuerzas aéreas finlandesas es, dentro de las palabras compuestas, una de las más largas.
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