Explores the systems of magnetic confinement of high-temperature plasma with closed and open magnetic field lines which relate to alternative compact devices of controlled thermonuclear fusion. Energy balance schemes of thermonuclear plasmas and main reactor characteristics are presented as the authors compare conceptual projects based on classical tokamak and stellarator, spherical tokamak and compact torus. They explore the questions and problems of new promising nuclear and thermonuclear power plants that source thermonuclear neutrons on a mixture of deuterium and tritium, and a low-radioactive reactor on a mixture of deuterium and helium-3.
Sergei V. Ryzhkov (M'97-Ph.D'01) was born in Kanash, Chuvash Republic, USSR, in 1974. He received the M.S. degree (Diploma with Honors) in engineering physics (electrorocket engines and power plants) from Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU), in 1997 and the Ph.D. degree in thermal physics and theoretical heat engineering from Bauman Moscow State Technical University, in 2001. In 2015 Sergei earned the Doctor of Physico-Mathematical Sciences (Dr. Phys.-Math. Sci.) degree in mathematical modeling and plasma physics from Bauman Moscow State Technical University. From 2001 to 2002, he was a Researcher with the Power Engineering Institute, from 2002 to 2016, he was an Associate Professor in the Thermal Physics Department, Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Since 2016, he is a Professor on the Power Engineering Faculty, Bauman Moscow State Technical University. He was Visiting Scientist at Fusion Technology Institute, Madison, USA (1998-1999), Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy (2011), and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany (2013, 2014). He is particularly interested in the kinetic analysis, plasma power balance, advanced fuels and systems, and alternative energy development and applications to complex physical systems such as fusion reactors, particles sources, power engineering and radiation magneto gas dynamic flows. His work represents theoretical studies, mathematics and plasma physical analysis. Major research emphasis focuses on plasma physics and engineering for both magnetic and inertial confinement fusion, including reactor design and energy conversion issues. Prof. Ryzhkov was a recipient of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) and RAO UES of Russia "New Generation" Award in 2005, the Medal of RAS for scientific work in the area of physics and technical problems of energetics in 2008, the Russian President Grant for supporting of young russian scientists in 2006, 2008, the CRDF Junior Scientist Energy Award in the specific area Alternative Energy Development and Applications in 2008, the Best teacher of BMSTU for "quality of work of young teachers", "supervisor" and "implementation of information technologies in the educational process" in 2009, 2011, 2014, and the Certificate of Merit of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in 2015. He holds patent, and five Certificates of state registration of the computer program.
