Darwin, Lamarck und die Epigenetik
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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Philosophie - Praktische (Ethik, Ästhetik, Kultur, Natur, Recht, ...), Note: 1,3, Technische Universität Darmstadt (Institut für Philosophie), Veranstaltung: Charles Darwin als Philosoph, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: In dieser Arbeit möchte ich darstellen, wie Lamarcks Gedanken über die Entwicklung der Lebewesen, mit Darwins Idee der Evolution und den modernen Erkenntnissen aus der Epigenetik in Zusammenhang stehen, und ob Letztere ernste Konsequenzen für die Glaubwürdigkeit des Neodarwinismus haben. Ich gebe im ersten Kapitel einen groben Überblick zu der Vorgeschichte des Evolutionsgedankens, vom antiken Griechenland bis zur Aufklärung. Anschlie end gehe ich in chronologischer Reihenfolge weiter, wobei ich Lamarcks Theorie und die Reaktionen darauf im zweiten Kapitel, und Darwins Überlegungen zur natürlichen Auslese, sowie seine Meinung zum Lamarckismus, im dritten Kapitel beschreibe. Die Folgen, der dann immer populärer werdenden Evolutionstheorie, sind das Thema des vierten Kapitels. In diesem erkläre ich au erdem, wie der Neodarwinismus, durch das Aufkommen der Genetik, zur vorherrschenden Weltsicht wurde. Das fünfte Kapitel beinhaltet epigenetische Beispiele, die den grundlegenden Annahmen des Neodarwinismus widersprechen, und eher eine Form von Neo-Lamarckismus nahe legen. Ich gehe hierbei, unter anderem auf das Zusammenspiel von Retroviren und Immunsystem, sowie auf anatomische Modifikationen durch Nutzung und Gebrauch ein. Zuletzt ziehe ich ein Fazit, in dem ich die Fakten noch einmal zusammenfasse und über ihre Konsequenzen reflektiere.
Patrick Zimmerschied hat Philosophie und Politikwissenschaft an der TU Darmstadt studiert und war dort von 2008 bis 2013 Hilfskraft am Lehrstuhl fur Wissenschaftsphilosophie. Er ist als Autor und Publizist tatig.
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