Der Begriff der Sublimierung bei Sigmund Freud im Kontext seiner kulturtheoretischen Ansätze
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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2019 im Fachbereich Philosophie - Philosophie des 20. Jahrhunderts, Note: 1,3, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (Fakultät für Humanwissenschaften), Veranstaltung: Seminar: Kulturphilosophie und Psychologie, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: In der Arbeit soll nach möglichen Antworten auf zwei von Freud aufgeworfene Fragen gesucht werden. Inwiefern ist die Sublimierung ein von der Kultur erzwungenes Triebschicksal und inwiefern entsteht Kultur durch Sublimierung? Zu Beginn werden Hauptbegriffe geklärt, die im Kontext des Begriffs der Sublimierung auftauchen. Kultur entsteht laut Freud zunächst, weil Menschen Schutz vor den Gefahren der Natur suchen, was sie wiederum zu sozialem Verhalten zwingt. Sie müssen auf gewisse Befriedigungen verzichten, um sich gemeinsam gegen die feindliche Natur behaupten zu können. In diesem Sinne baut Kultur auf Triebverzicht auf, der in letzter Konsequenz zur Quelle für Unbehagen und Kulturfeindlichkeit wird. In der Sublimierung sieht Freud einen Ausweg aus dieser problematischen Situation. Die Sublimierung ist dabei neben der Triebabfuhr und der Verdrängung nur ein mögliches Triebschicksal. Sie bietet Befriedigung und ist zugleich in doppelter Hinsicht sozial nützlich, denn sie hemmt einerseits destruktive Triebe und kanalisiert andererseits libidinöse in produktive Arbeit. Sie erfordert jedoch gewisse Anlagen, die teilweise erlernt werden können. Anschlie end werden die gesellschaftliche Bedeutung der Bildung und Erziehung für die Sublimierungsfähigkeit abgeleitet. Da der Begriff der Sublimierung zahlreich kritisiert worden ist, wird sich im fünften Kapitel exemplarisch mit Schelers Kritik am Begriff der Sublimierung auseinandergesetzt. Die Arbeit endet mit einem Fazit ab und weist auf offene Fragen hin, die zu Anknüpfungspunkten weiterer Arbeiten führen können.
Studierte in Würzburg Philosophie, Political and Social Studies und Kunststoff- und Elastomertechnik.
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