Die Desktop-Metapher. Killerapplikation des Personal Computer?
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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2019 im Fachbereich Philosophie - Sonstiges, Note: 1,0, Universität Potsdam (Künste und Medien), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Im Rahmen dieser Hausarbeit soll sich der Frage genähert werden, inwiefern die Desktop-Metapher als Killerapplikation des Personal Computer gelten kann. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit sollen die linguistischen Konzepte vorgestellt werden, die Metaphern als wirklichkeitsgenerierende Bestandteile unserer Sprache behandeln. Mark Johnson und George Lakoff sind Pioniere der Annahme, dass Metaphern ausschlaggebend für die räumliche Orientierung, die Schöpfung von Realitätskonstrukten und deren konzeptioneller Einordnung sind. Diese Annahme kann auch auf den Bereich der Metapher im informatischen Kontext angewendet werden. Vorgestellt werden wesentliche Merkmale, die für ihre erfolgreiche Integration in computerbasierten Systemen wichtig sind und die Notwendigkeit des engen Zusammenspiels von Metaphern und Interfaces aufzeigen. Des weiteren soll die Entwicklung der Desktop-Metapher und ihrer Einordnung als Werkzeug und Medium beleuchtet werden. Hierbei geht es nicht um eine vollständige Abhandlung der Geschichte des Personal Computer. Vielmehr soll in diesem Kapitel eine punktuelle und ideengeschichtliche Einordnung verschiedener Stationen auf dem Weg zur ersten Desktop-Metapher erfolgen. Besonders hervorgehoben werden dabei die Forschungen und Ideen Vannevar Bushs, Douglas C. Engelbarts und Alan Kays. Im letzten Teil wird dann die Entwicklung des revolutionären Macintosh als erster massentauglicher Personal Computer erforscht. Es wird dargestellt, wie die Desktop-Metapher 1984 als grafische Benutzeroberfläche des Macintosh Einzug in die privaten Haushalte erhält und wie sie, von da an, unsere Vorstellung von Datenräumen prägt. Diese Betrachtung des Desktops als Metapher, seine Entstehungsgeschichte, unterteilt in verschiedene Stadien und Grundannahmen zu Wirkung und Funktion von Benutzeroberflächen, sowie die Auswirkungen au
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