Die Wiener Gaunersprache
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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2007 im Fachbereich Germanistik - Linguistik, Note: 1,3, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg (Germanistisches Institut), Veranstaltung: Sondersprachen, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Aus der Einleitung: Die Sondersprachenforschung befasst sich mit den sprachlichen Varietäten sozialer (Rand-)Gruppen, wozu auch die Geheimsprachen gehören. Die Wiener Gaunersprache - mit der sich meine Hausarbeit beschäftigt - ist eine solche Geheimsprache. Es liegt nahe, dass besonders bei kriminellen Aktivitäten höchste Geheimhaltung geboten ist. Dies geht folglich mit der Verschlüsselung der Sprache einher, um gewisse Nachrichten für Au enstehende unverständlich zu machen. Doch schon früh versuchte besonders die Obrigkeit, diese Geheimsprache zu entschlüsseln. So erstellte man so genannte Gaunerwörterbücher. Dies waren, wie der Name schon besagt, Wörterbücher mit Gaunerfachausdrücken. Diese verfolgten den Zweck, auf frischer Tat ertappte kleine Gauner besser zu verstehen und so der Tat zu überführen. Es diente den Polizisten also dazu, die Unterhaltungen und vor allem die Korrespondenzen von Strafhäftlingen nachzuvollziehen. So erklärt zum Beispiel Rudolph Fröhlich in seinem Buch "Die Gefährlichen Klassen Wiens" wo der Ausdruck müllisieren (verhaftet werden) wahrscheinlich seinen Ursprung hat: "In den Gefängnissen ist das hauptsächliche Unterhaltungsspiel der lange Puff, auch Mühle ziehen genannt." So hat man, nachdem man müllisiert wurde also wieder viel Zeit, sich mit 'Mühle ziehen' zu beschäftigen. Die Quellen der Gaunerwörterbücher speisten sich aus Verhören und Gesprächen der Kriminalbeamten mit Verbrechern, Zuhältern und Dirnen, Kerkerinschriften (beispielsweise Graffiti in Gefängnissen) sowie aus Briefen und Notizen von Verbrechern und bereits aufgezeichneten Wortsammlungen seit 1805. Es gibt aber immer noch Fragen, die sich mir stellen: Wieso hei en die Gauner in Wien "Wiener Galerie"? Was beeinflusst und beeinflusste sie? Wie sieht die Zukun
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