Ein Diagnostisches Globales Klimamodell
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In dieser Arbeit wird ein globales, zonal gemitteltes Klimamodell behandelt. Das Modell ist stationar in dem Sinne, daB Amplitude und Struktur des Jahresganges konstant sind. Ihre klimatische Zeitabhangig- keit wird nur im Zusammenhang mit Stabilitatsuntersuchungen berticksich- tigt. Grundlage des Modells sind die beiden horizontalen Bewegungsglei- chungen und die thermische Energiegleichung. FUr die Modellfelder wird ein Ansatz gemacht, der formal einer einfachen spektralen Entwicklung entspricht, zusatzlich aber unser Wissen Uber das heutige Klima in bes moglicher Weise berUcksichtigt. Damit lassen sich Klimaschwankungen durch 6 skalare Variablen beschreiben. 3 von ihnen ("Responsevariab- len") reprasentieren den zonalen Wind u, die meridionale Massenstrom- funktion 'I' und die potentielle Temperatur 9. Die 3 restlichen ("An- triebsvariablen") reprasentieren die durch zonal-zeitliche Mittelung der Modellgleichungen entstandenen mittleren turbulenten FluBkonvergen- zen sowie die Niederschlagsheizung. Das Modell enthalt keine Schlies- sungshypothesen zwischen Response- und Antriebsvariablen; lediglich die Netto-Strahlungsheizung wird durch einen Newton'schen Abktihlungs-Ansatz an das Temperaturfeld gekoppelt. Ferner wird die Parametrisierung der Reibung durch einen Rayleigh - Ansatz ausfUhrlich in ihren Auswirkungen diskutiert. Das Modell macht Aussagen tiber die Reaktion der Responsevariablen auf infinitesimale Variationen der Antriebsvariablen unter Vorgabe ei- ner bestimmten Struktur der Klimaschwankung. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei ein Ansatz, der den FeldgroBen nur Schwankungen in der Intensitat er- laubt. Daten scheinen diese Forderung zu stUtzen. Die Modellgleichungen ermoglichen dann im Phasenraum die Bestimmung der Tangentialflache an die Klimaflache im heutigen Klimapunkt. Zunachst ergibt sich, daB aIle turbulenten FIUsse die Auslenkung der Atmosphare aus dem Strahlungsgleichgewicht vergroBern.
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