Stellvertretung, Repräsentation und Autorisierung in der Vertragstheorie von Thomas Hobbes
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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2015 im Fachbereich Jura - Rechtsphilosophie, Rechtssoziologie, Rechtsgeschichte, Note: 17 Punkte (sehr gut), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Veranstaltung: Blockseminar im Schwerpunktbereich Grundlagen des Rechts, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Diese Arbeit befasst sich zunächst mit der Frage, wie der Begriff der Stellvertretung bei Thomas Hobbes zu verstehen ist und vergleicht dies mit dem modernen deutschen Stellvertretungsrecht nach dem BGB. Anschlie end wird der Zusammenhang von Stellvertretung und Staatswesen bei Hobbes dargelegt, um dann die Bedeutung der Autorisierung des Souveräns für seine Vertragstheorie zu erläutern. Zuletzt zeigt die Arbeit die Unzulänglichkeiten der Vertrags- und Staatskonstruktion nach Hobbes auf und endet mit einer Schlussbetrachtung zu Autorität und politischer Mach Die Frage nach legitimer Autorität, welche soziale Organisationsformen und politisches Handeln rechtfertigen kann, spielt seit jeher eine zentrale Rolle in Rechtsphilosophie und politischer Philosophie. Alle modernen Staaten beanspruchen Autorität über ihre Bürger, was für Green als wesentliches Merkmal zur Unterscheidung von Staaten und blo en "Räuberbanden" gilt. Politik kann nach Wolff als Ausübung von Staatsgewalt und als Versuch, auf diese Ausübung Einfluss zu nehmen, definiert werden. Staat sei demnach eine Personengruppe, welche innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Territoriums die höchste Autorität über eine bestimme Einwohnerschaft habe. Obwohl Thomas Hobbes gemeinhin nicht als Repräsentationstheoretiker angesehen wird, ist die Konzeption von Stellvertretung und Autorisierung des Souveräns auch ein wesentliches Kernelement seiner Gesellschaftsvertragstheorie. Die Grundbedingungen von Autorenschaft, Stellvertretung und Autorisierung erläutert Hobbes in Kapitel XVI seines Hauptwerks, dem Leviathan. Dieses Kapitel scheint auf den ersten Blick nichts zur Substanz und Kontinuität von Hobbes' Argumentation in den Kapiteln XIII,
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