Tatu Vanhanens 'Index of Democratization' als Beispiel einer Demokratiemessung
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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Politik - Politische Systeme allgemein und im Vergleich, Note: 12, Philipps-Universit�t Marburg, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: 1) Demokratiemessung - Eine Einf�hrung Die Demokratiemessung ist eine relativ neue Methode in der Politikwissenschaft (vgl.Lauth 2004: 237), die etwa seit den 50er Jahren betrieben wurde. Vorreiter waren hierbei Lipset (1959) und vor allem Robert Dahl, der 1971 mit seinem Buch "Polyarchy" einen "bahnbrechend[en]" (ebd.) Grundstein gelegt hat, auf denen viele Forscher aufbauen. Es entwickelten sich verschiedene Forschungsmethoden, sowohl qualitativer als auch quantitativer Art, von denen die meisten in den 80er und 90er Jahren entstanden (ebd.). Wichtige Demokratiemessungen betrieben neben Dahl vor allem auch Jaggers und Gurr mit den Polity-Messungen oder auch Freedom House (v.a. Gastil), die politische und b�rgerliche Freiheiten - und somit indirekt die Demokratie (vgl. Vanhanen 2000: 252) - messen. Diese beiden Messungen st�tzen sich auf qualitative Daten und unterliegen somit auch der Kritik der Subjektivit�t. Es gibt aber, wie schon erw�hnt, auch quantitative Messreihen, von denen eine der wichtigsten in dieser Arbeit vorgestellt wird. Dabei wird sowohl auf die Messgrundlage eingegangen als auch auf das Messverfahren. Zum Schluss sollen noch die St�rken und Schw�chen dieser Demokratiemessung bestimmt werden. ---------------- 6) Literaturverzeichnis DAHL, Robert (2000): On Democracy. New Haven: Yale University Press. LAUTH, Hans-Joachim (2004): Demokratie und Demokratiemessung: Eine konzeptionelle Grundlegung f�r den interkulturellen Vergleich. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag f�r Sozialwissenschaften. MERKEL, Wolfgang /PUHLE, Hans-J�rgen /CROISSANT, Aurel /THIERY, Peter (2006): Defekte Demokratie. Band 2: Regionalanalysen. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag f�r Sozialwissenschaften. ..........
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