Theory of the optically induced forces
Imported Edition - Ships in 18-21 Days
Free Shipping in India on orders above Rs. 500
Imported Edition - Ships in 18-21 Days
Free Shipping in India on orders above Rs. 500
On the basis of physical laws that require no assumption about kinds of optically induced forces and the quantity of these kind, we have shown that the momentum of light in matter is greater by n times than that of the same light in free space. Here n is the refractive index of the matter. If the momentum of a light pulse is considered, that it consists of two components. This is the electromagnetic one that is equal to 1/n2 part of the total momentum and the mechanical component that is equal to (1-1/n2) part of the total momentum. An alternative treatment for the momentum of a light pulse is possible. A propagation of a light pulse the momentum of which is greater by n times than that of the same light pulse in free space is accompanied by two additional optically induced forces applied to the regions of the matter where the leading and trailing edges of the light pulse are propagating. These forces transmit a part of the total momentum into the mechanical component that is located between the edges and id propagating together with the light pulse at speed c/n. The mechanical component is connected with the mechanical motion of the matter. An origin of the optically induced forces arising at a change of the momentum density flux of a continuous light wave is explained by the Maxwell-like kind of force that acts on a dielectric located in an electrical field. An origin of the force arising at propagation of a light pulse in a homogeneous optical medium is explained by action of two different kinds of forces. The first kind can be called by the Ampere-like force that acts on a conductor with electrical current located in a magnetic field. Although a current of free charges is absent in a dielectric, a change of the polarization of the dielectric in time can be considered as the same current. The name of the second kind is absent till present day. This kind is dual to the Ampere-like kind. The force arises at an interaction between the "magnetic current" due to the alternate magnetization and an electrical field. Magnetic free charges are absent in the nature and, therefore, the kind of force that is dual to the Ampere force does not exist. However, magnetic dipoles are presented in the nature and, therefore, the kind of force that is dual to the Ampere-like force does exist. At a steady-state when the intensity of light is not changed in time, a sum of the Ampere-like and Ampere-dual forces averaged over a period of oscillations is equal to zero There is a perfectly different kind of optically induced force arising at compression of the optical medium due to the electrostriction pressure. A magnitude of this kind of force is equal to the gradient of the electrostriction pressure and is comparable with the Maxwell-like force. However, forces of this kind are produced by inner forces rather than a change of the momentum of light. Thus, this kind of force can not be calculated by means of an analysis of a change of the momentum of light. On the basis of presented notions about optically induced forces, the Abraham-Minkowski controversy is absent because the initial notions about the momentum of light inmate are modified. In the same time it is shown that that the approach to calculation of optically induced forces on the basis of the Lorentz force that is considered at present as a main instrument for calculation of optically induced force is erroneous. The presented theory enables us to analyze debates about explanation of results of the recent experiment regarding measurement of the momentum of light in matter. We have shown that a generally accepted notions about kinds of optically induced force optically induced is absent at present. We hope that our book will eliminate this drawback.
• Author(s): Clear | James • Publisher: Penguin • Publisher Imprint: Penguin Random House • Subject: General Books
• Author(s): Ichiro Kishimi • Publisher: GROVE ATLANTIC • Publisher Imprint: Allen & Unwin • BISAC: Personal Growth - SuccessIchiro Kishimi lives in Kyoto. He writes, lectures and teaches in psychiatric clinics as a certified counsellor and c...
View full details• Author(s): Chetan Bhagat • Publisher: HarperCollins Publishers India • Publisher Imprint: HarperCollins Publishers India • BISAC: GeneralFrom India's top-selling writer Chetan Bhagat comes a powerful new love story that will make you laugh, cry...
View full details• Author(s): Brianna Wiest • Publisher: Manjul Publishing • Publisher Imprint: Amaryllis • BISAC: Body Mind And SpiritThis is a book about self-sabotage. Why we do it, when we do it, and how to stop doing it—for good. Coexisting but conflicting n...
View full details• Author(s): Morgan Housel • Publisher: Pan Macmillan • Publisher Imprint: Pan Macmillan • BISAC: Finance - Wealth ManagementA third book from the International bestselling author of The Psychology of Money and Same as Ever, lessons on harnessing...
View full details• Author(s): Arundhati Roy• Publisher: PRH INDIA LOCAL PRINT• Publisher Imprint: Penguin Hamish Hamilton• BISAC: Literary FiguresArundhati Roy’s first work of memoir, this is a soaring account, both intimate and inspiring, of how the author became...
View full details• Author(s): Acharya Prashant • Publisher: HarperCollins Publishers India • Publisher Imprint: HarperCollins Publishers India • BISAC: GeneralIn a world where vagueness is mistaken for depth and obscurity passes for wisdom, Truth without Apology ...
View full details• Author(s): Sudha Murthy • Publisher: India Puffin • Publisher Imprint: India Puffin • BISAC: Short StoriesWho can resist a good story, especially when it's being told by Grandma? From her bag emerges tales of kings and cheats, monkeys and mic...
View full details• Author(s): Satoshi Yagisawa • Publisher: Bonnier Books Ltd • Publisher Imprint: Bonnier Books Ltd
• Author(s): Newport, Cal • Publisher: Little, Brown Book Group • Publisher Imprint: Piatkus
• Author(s): Shrijeet Shandilya • Publisher: Ebury Press • Publisher Imprint: Ebury Press • BISAC: Romance - GeneralIn the electric haze of college life, three friends are bound by laughter, late-night talks and unspoken promises. But when two of...
View full details• Author(s): Dan Brown • Publisher: Transworld Publishers Ltd • Publisher Imprint: Transworld Publishers Ltd • BISAC: Thrillers - EspionageDan Brown is the bestselling author of Digital Fortress, Deception Point, Angels and Demons, The Da Vinci C...
View full details• Author(s): Sudha Murty • Publisher: India Puffin • Publisher Imprint: India Puffin • BISAC: Action & Adventure - General
Rich Dad Poor Dad: What the Rich Teach Their Kids about Money That the Poor and Middle Class Do Not!
• Publisher: Penguin • Publisher Imprint: Penguin Random House • Subject: General Books • BISAC: Personal Finance - GeneralApril of 2022 marks a 25-year milestone for the personal finance classic Rich Dad Poor Dad that still ranks as the #1 Pers...
View full details• Author(s): Dale Carnegie | Napoleon Hill • Publisher: Fingerprint • Publisher Imprint: Fingerprint • Subject: General Books
• Author(s): Freida Mcfadden • Publisher: Penguin Select Print • Publisher Imprint: Penguin Select Publishing"Multi-Million Copy Bestselling Series •Now Being Made Into a Major Motion Picture Starring Sydney Sweeney and Amanda Seyfried #1 New Yor...
View full details• Author(s): Wonder House Books • Publisher: Wonder House Books • Publisher Imprint: Wonder House Books • BISAC: Comics & Graphic Novels - Fairy Tales, Folklore, Legends & MTimeless Wisdom, Talking Animals & Life Lessons for Young Min...
View full details• Author(s): Viktor E. Frankl • Publisher: Random House • Publisher Imprint: Random Hou • Subject: Medical, Nursing and Health Sciences
• Author(s): Madhavi Bharadwaj • Publisher: PRH India • Publisher Imprint: Penguin Ebury Press • BISAC: Parenting - MotherhoodWelcome to the wild, messy, wonderful world of parenting--where the nights are long, the diapers are explosive, and unso...
View full details• Author(s): Vir Das • Publisher: HarperCollins Publishers India • Publisher Imprint: HarperCollins Publishers India • BISAC: Entertainment & Performing ArtsComedian and actor Vir Das is beloved (by some, tolerated by others, blocked by a few...
View full details• Author(s): Eric Carle • Publisher: Penguin Books, Limited (UK) • Publisher Imprint: Penguin Books, Limited (UK) • BISAC: Animals - Butterflies, Moths & CaterpillarsEric Carle's The Very Hungry Caterpillar is a perennial favourite with child...
View full details• Author(s): Prajakta Koli • Publisher: Harper Fiction India • Publisher Imprint: Harper Fiction India • BISAC: Romance - ContemporaryWinner of the Amazon India Popular Choice Debut Book 2025 Award. From one of India's most-loved creators comes s...
View full details• Author(s): Albom, Mitch • Publisher: Little, Brown Book Group • Publisher Imprint: Sphere* Subtitled 'An old man, a young man, and life's greatest lesson', this is a true story of a man's rediscovery of his mentor - a book about second chances.