Una pequeña teoría de la irracionalidad: Las falacias de la razón humana y sus consecuencias
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Seminar paper del año 2010 en eltema Filosofía - Teoría (cognición, ciencia, lógica, idioma), Nota: 1,5, Universidad de La Laguna Teneriffa, Idioma: Español, Resumen: El término "racionalidad (razón)" es de origen latín, de "reri" - calcular. Esta etimología me parece especialmente interesante comparada con la palabra que tenían los griegos para definir lo que es la razón: el Lógos, que a su vez se deriva de legein - hablar. Me imagino que este hecho podría ser un principio interesante para una comparación cultural y de la imagen del ser humano que tenían las dos raíces de nuestra cultura occidental, pero más importante para nosotros ahora es lo que significa ese entendimiento de la racionalidad como cálculo: la capacidad de tomar decisiones "racionales" (y, de ahí, provechosas) depende del cálculo matemático que a) somos capaces de efectuar (después de todo hemos inventado el concepto de racionalidad), y que b) tiene los efectos deseados, es decir, que nos ayuda a tomar la mejor decisión para nosotros y para los demás. Estas dos tésis son los pilares de cualquier forma de racionalismo en la historía de la filosofía y de lo que en el campo de la economía se llama rational choice theory que ha encontrado su aplicación en una variedad de disciplinas académicas, incluso en las humanidades. En este trabajo no pretiendo refutar el racionalismo per se, sino intento mostrar que sus dos axiomas carecen de certitud empírica, o sea, que A) en muchas ocasiones es simplemente imposible efectuar un cálculo racional para tomar decisiones, sea por razones de disponibilidad de información o por características psicológicas del ser humano, y que B) no es cierto que la pretensión de efectuar ese cálculo realmente conduce a la mejor decisión, sino, en algunas ocasiones, puede incluso dañar más que ayudar. Para apoyar mis tesis voy a poner ciertos conceptos de la irracionalidad humana que se han encontrado a través de estudios psicológicos, sociológicos y, sobre todo, económicos. No pr
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