Why Intelligence Fails

Name: Why Intelligence Fails
Brand: Cornell University Press
SKU: 9780801447853
Price: 6161.0 INR
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by Robert Jervis

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ISBN13: 9780801447853
Binding: Hardcover
Subject: N/A
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Publisher Imprint: Cornell University Press
Publication Date: February 4, 2010
Pages: 238
Original Price: USD 53.0
Language: English
Edition: N/A
Item Weight: 513 grams
BISAC Subject(s): Intelligence & Espionage, Middle East / General, and Wars & Conflicts / Iraq War (2003-2011)

About The Book

The U.S. government spends enormous resources each year on the gathering and analysis of intelligence, yet the history of American foreign policy is littered with missteps and misunderstandings that have resulted from intelligence failures.

In Why Intelligence Fails, Robert Jervis examines the politics and psychology of two of the more spectacular intelligence failures in recent memory: the mistaken belief that the regime of the Shah in Iran was secure and stable in 1978, and the claim that Iraq had active WMD programs in 2002.

The Iran case is based on a recently declassified report Jervis was commissioned to undertake by CIA thirty years ago and includes memoranda written by CIA officials in response to Jervis's findings. The Iraq case, also grounded in a review of the intelligence community's performance, is based on close readings of both classified and declassified documents, though Jervis's conclusions are entirely supported by evidence that has been declassified.

In both cases, Jervis finds not only that intelligence was badly flawed but also that later explanations--analysts were bowing to political pressure and telling the White House what it wanted to hear or were willfully blind--were also incorrect. Proponents of these explanations claimed that initial errors were compounded by groupthink, lack of coordination within the government, and failure to share information. Policy prescriptions, including the recent establishment of a Director of National Intelligence, were supposed to remedy the situation.

In Jervis's estimation, neither the explanations nor the prescriptions are adequate. The inferences that intelligence drew were actually quite plausible given the information available. Errors arose, he concludes, from insufficient attention to the ways in which information should be gathered and interpreted, a lack of self-awareness about the factors that led to the judgments, and an organizational culture that failed to probe for weaknesses and explore alternatives. Evaluating the inherent tensions between the methods and aims of intelligence personnel and policymakers from a unique insider's perspective, Jervis forcefully criticizes recent proposals for improving the performance of the intelligence community and discusses ways in which future analysis can be improved.

About The Author

Jervis, Robert: - Robert Jervis is Adlai E. Stevenson Professor of International Politics at Columbia University. He is the author of many books, including The Illogic of American Nuclear Strategy and The Meaning of the Nuclear Revolution, both from Cornell, and, most recently, American Foreign Policy in a New Era.

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